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Due to significant advances in root biology and current National Science Foundation-funded projects on genomics of root-specific traits, roots are no longer considered an unexplored biological frontier. In contrast, knowledge of rhizospheric processes mediated by root exudates has not developed at the same pace. As highlighted in this update, several lines of evidence indicate that root exudates in their various forms may regulate plant and microbial communities in the rhizosphere. It is worth mentioning that most microbes live in the soil, but just a few of these organisms have developed compatible interactions with specific plants to become successful plant pathogens. Instead, the vast majority of microbes exhibit incompatible interactions with plants, which could be explained by the constant and diverse secretion of antimicrobial root exudates. The understanding of the biology of root exudation processes may contribute to devising novel strategies for improving plant fitness and the isolation of novel value-added compounds found in the root exudates. |
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